Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Insulin Sensitivity in Insulin Resistant Human Adipocytes

Summary Insulin resistance is an essential characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which can be induced by glucotoxicity and adipose chronic inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) their exosomes were reported to ameliorate T2DM its complications immunoregulatory healing abilities. Exosomes derived from MSCs contain abundant molecules mediate crosstalk between mimic biological function MSCs. But the role human umbilical cord mesenchymal (hUC-MSCs) in insulin adipocytes unclear. In this study, harvested conditioned medium hUC-MSCs added insulin-resistant adipocytes. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured oxidase/peroxidase assay. The signal pathway involved exosome-treated detected RT-PCR Western blotting. characteristics compared adipose-derived (hAMSCs). results showed that hAMSCs had better adipogenic ability than hUC-MSCs. After induction mature adipogenesis hAMSC, model successfully established TNF-α high intervention. exosome treatment, insulin-stimulated significantly increased. addition, effect could stabilized for at least 48 h. Furthermore, level leptin decreased, mRNA expression sirtuin-1 receptor substrate-1 upregulated after treatment. conclusion, improve sensitivity adipocytes, mechanism involves regulation adipokines.